Root Causes and Risk Factors of Gender-Based Violence in Bangladesh

 Root Causes and Risk Factors of Gender-Based Violence in Bangladesh

The root causes behind gender-based violence (GBV) in Bangladesh are multifaceted and interconnected. They stem from social, cultural, economic, and systemic factors. Here are some of the key root causes behind GBV in Bangladesh:

{ Socio-cultural norms and values that perpetuate gender-based violence: In Bangladesh, there are traditional gender roles that prescribe men to be dominant and women to be submissive. These norms and values contribute to gender-based violence, as men are expected to have control over women and to discipline them when they do not comply. These traditional gender roles are reinforced through cultural practices such as dowry, which can lead to violence against women who do not meet the expectations of their husband's family.

{ Gender inequality and power dynamics in relationships: Gender-based violence is often a result of power imbalances in relationships. In Bangladesh, men are often seen as the breadwinners and decision-makers, while women are expected to be obedient and submissive. This power dynamic can lead to situations where men feel entitled to exert control over women, including through physical or emotional violence.

{ Poverty and economic vulnerability: Poverty and economic vulnerability can increase the risk of gender-based violence in Bangladesh. Women who are financially dependent on their partners may be less likely to report violence for fear of losing their financial support. Economic insecurity can also lead to forced marriage or trafficking, as families may see it as a way to provide for their daughters.

{ Lack of access to education and healthcare: Women in Bangladesh may have limited access to education and healthcare, which can make them more vulnerable to gender-based violence. Lack of education can limit their ability to understand their rights and access support, while poor healthcare can make it difficult for them to seek medical attention after experiencing violence.

{ Discrimination based on religion, ethnicity, and other factors: Discrimination based on religion, ethnicity, and other factors can also contribute to gender-based violence in Bangladesh. Women who belong to marginalized communities may face additional challenges in accessing resources and support and may be more vulnerable to violence due to their social status.

{ Disaster and any emergency: Overall, these factors highlight the complex and intersectional nature of gender-based violence in Bangladesh. Addressing these issues requires a multi-sectoral approach that involves addressing socio-cultural norms, promoting gender equality, and improving access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities for women.

(UNICEF,2019).

 Risk Factors of Gender-Based Violence in Bangladesh

Gender-based violence (GBV) in Bangladesh is influenced by various risk factors, including social, cultural, economic, and systemic factors. Here are some common risk factors contributing to GBV in Bangladesh:

{ Gender inequality: Deep-rooted gender disparities, including unequal power relations between men and women, contribute to GBV. Traditional gender norms, discriminatory practices, and the devaluation of women's rights perpetuate violence against women and girls.

{ Poverty and economic factors: Socioeconomic inequalities and poverty exacerbate the risk of GBV. Economic dependence, limited access to resources and opportunities, and financial stress can lead to increased vulnerability to violence.

{ Cultural norms and practices: Cultural beliefs, customs, and practices that reinforce gender stereotypes and subordinate women contribute to GBV. Practices such as child marriage, dowry-related violence, and honor-based violence perpetuate violence against women and girls.

{ Weak legal and justice systems: Challenges in implementing and enforcing laws related to GBV, inadequate access to justice, and cultural barriers to reporting incidents of violence contribute to a culture of impunity, further perpetuating GBV.

{ Limited awareness and education: Insufficient awareness and education about gender equality, human rights, and the consequences of GBV contribute to its perpetuation. Lack of awareness prevents individuals from recognizing abusive behaviors and seeking help.

{ Social norms and peer influence: Pressure from social networks, community expectations, and peer influence can perpetuate or normalize GBV. Social norms that condone or justify violence against women and girls contribute to its persistence.

{ Conflict and displacement: Ongoing conflicts, displacement, and humanitarian crises increase the vulnerability of individuals to GBV. Disrupted social systems, breakdown of community support structures, and the presence of armed groups contribute to higher rates of violence.

{ Access to education and healthcare: Limited access to quality education and healthcare services, particularly for women and girls, hinders their empowerment and increases their vulnerability to GBV.

(UNICEF,2019).